IndiGo’s pilot shortage, failure to adapt to new duty-time rules and the stranding of passengers have caused nationwide flight chaos, shifting attention to India’s passenger rights framework.
A week of severe disruption across India’s busiest airline has intensified debate over the strength and relevance of the country’s air travel protections. IndiGo’s mass cancellations, triggered by a shortage of pilots after the carrier failed to adapt to new flight duty regulations, have stranded thousands of passengers since December 2.
The scale of the mayhem has prompted questions over airline accountability. Former Lieutenant Governor Kiran Bedi amplified the sentiment with a pointed query on social media, asking whether the ongoing crisis is an opportunity for authorities to re-examine the framework to ensure operational responsibility and meaningful penalties for failures. She noted that the discussion coincides with Human Rights Day, underlining the principle that airlines must operate with a duty of care.
Is #Indigo Crisis not an opportunity for the Govt to RELOOK at India’s Charter of Passenger Rights?
Which ensures operational responsibility not optional and causes hefty penalties.
Tom is #HumanRightsDay
Responsibility to Operate with Duty to Care..— Kiran Bedi (@thekiranbedi) December 9, 2025
Pilot shortages and regulatory lapses push IndiGo into its worst crisis
IndiGo, which operates about 2,200 flights daily, entered December unprepared for the second phase of Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) that took effect on November 1. These rules increased mandatory pilot rest periods from 36 to 48 hours, capped nighttime flying at 10 hours, restricted late-night landings to two per week, and required quarterly fatigue reporting to the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).
Aviation experts and pilot unions argue that IndiGo’s planning fell short despite a two-year preparation window. The Federation of Indian Pilots stated that the airline maintained hiring freezes, non-poaching arrangements, and a pay freeze, decisions it described as short-sighted.
Former AirAsia CFO Vijay Gopalan also linked the disruption to poor adaptation to FDTL norms. With more than 300 cancellations reported in Delhi, Chennai, and Bengaluru on Monday alone, the airline says it expects operations to stabilise between 10 and 15 December.
IndiGo flyers report losses and delays despite airline’s full refund promise
IndiGo stated that passengers affected by its ongoing operational disruption will receive full refunds, but many travellers say they are still losing money because of deductions, portal fees, and slow refund processing. Those who booked tickets through online platforms report even greater difficulties, with delays extending beyond four days and travel sites withholding non-refundable convenience charges, despite being told they would get the entire fare back.
Anil Kumar, one of the passengers impacted, told the Times of India that he has not received his refund and cannot find his missing luggage. “It’s been four days since our tickets were cancelled. We booked Hyderabad–Jabalpur tickets via Indore and paid about Rs 20,000. After reaching Indore, IndiGo cancelled the connecting flight to Jabalpur and promised a full refund. So far, there has been no message or email from the airline. When I called customer care, there was no clear response. On top of that, they are unable to even trace my missing baggage,” he said.
Several travellers say the airline’s assurances have left them feeling misled.
“I booked a Hyderabad–Mumbai flight on Dec 3. At the airport, they clearly told me I would get a full refund. But I received only Rs 2,756, more than Rs 6,700 was deducted without explanation,” said Anand Patel, another passenger.
This confusion continues even after the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) issued a directive stating that passengers should not be charged any additional fee for rescheduling travel affected by cancellations or operational issues.
Government orders probe
The government has commissioned a high-level investigation to identify the causes behind the flight disruptions and establish responsibility.
Civil Aviation Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu attributed the situation to IndiGo, citing “mismanagement regarding their crew”, and noted that other airlines had been ready for the adjustments.
On Friday, the government announced temporary exemptions from the new rules for the airline and arranged train tickets for stranded travellers so they could proceed with their journey.
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